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Which type of status is particularly emphasized by social merit?

  1. Ascribed status

  2. Master status

  3. Achieved status

  4. Inherited status

The correct answer is: Achieved status

Social merit is closely related to an individual's achievements and the recognition of those accomplishments within a society. Achieved status refers to a social position that an individual attains as a result of their actions, efforts, and choices. This type of status emphasizes personal merit, skills, and contributions, suggesting that individuals can change their status through accomplishment and hard work. In contrast, ascribed status is assigned at birth based on inherent characteristics, such as race, gender, or family lineage, and does not involve individual effort or achievement. Master status can refer to a status that holds special importance in a particular context, but it may not necessarily reflect merit or achievements. Inherited status typically relates to privileges or positions passed down through families, again lacking the merit-based aspect associated with achieved status. Thus, achieved status is the focus of social merit because it highlights how personal effort and success can lead to social recognition and advancement.