AAMC FL Practice Exam

Which theory states that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses and subjective experience of emotion?

1. James-Lange Theory

2. Cannon-Bard Theory

3. Two-factor Theory

4. Drive Reduction Theory

The correct answer is: Cannon-Bard Theory

The Cannon-Bard Theory is a significant psychological theory which posits that when an emotion-arousing stimulus is encountered, it simultaneously triggers both physiological responses and the subjective experience of emotion. This theory was developed as a reaction to the James-Lange Theory, which suggests that physiological arousal precedes the emotional experience. Essentially, the Cannon-Bard Theory emphasizes that the mind and body respond to emotional stimuli independently but simultaneously, indicating that emotional experience and physiological changes occur together, rather than one following the other. In contrast, the other theories mentioned do not align with this simultaneous perspective. The James-Lange Theory suggests that an individual first experiences physiological arousal and then interprets that arousal as a specific emotion. The Two-factor Theory introduces the idea that cognitive appraisal of a situation and physiological arousal combine to create emotional experience, but it still relies on a sequence where cognitive appraisal is based on the physiological state. Drive Reduction Theory relates to motivation and behavior rather than the specific relationship between physiological responses and emotional experiences, thus not applicable in the context of this question.