AAMC FL Practice Exam

Which of the following indicates a power imbalance according to conflict theory?

1. Institutions that promote social equality

2. Groups competing for limited resources

3. Individuals collaborating for mutual benefit

4. Encouragement of diverse viewpoints

The correct answer is: Groups competing for limited resources

The indication of a power imbalance, as understood through the lens of conflict theory, lies in the competition among groups for limited resources. Conflict theory posits that society is made up of groups that are constantly in contention over scarce resources, such as wealth, power, and status. This competition often highlights the disparities in access to resources that different groups possess, leading to a hierarchical structure in society where some groups dominate while others struggle. When groups are competing for these limited resources, it reflects the inherent tensions and inequalities that exist within social structures. This competition can manifest in various societal contexts, such as economic class struggles, racial or ethnic conflicts, and other forms of social stratification where one group may exploit the vulnerabilities of another. On the other hand, institutions that promote social equality, individuals collaborating for mutual benefit, and the encouragement of diverse viewpoints suggest cooperative dynamics and inclusive approaches that do not highlight power imbalances but rather work towards equity and shared interests. Thus, it is the competition for scarce resources that robustly exemplifies power imbalances as described in conflict theory.