AAMC FL Practice Exam

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Study for the AAMC FL Exam. Prepare with comprehensive flashcards and multiple-choice questions, each equipped with hints and explanations. Gear up for your medical school entrance exam!

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What structural difference exists between ATP and AMP?

ATP has two phosphates, AMP has one
ATP has three phosphates, AMP has one
ATP has one phosphate, AMP has three
ATP has four phosphates, AMP has two

The correct answer is: ATP has three phosphates, AMP has one

ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, consists of an adenosine molecule bonded to three phosphate groups. The key difference between ATP and AMP, or adenosine monophosphate, lies in the number of phosphate groups attached to the adenosine. While AMP only contains one phosphate group, ATP has three. This difference in phosphate groups is significant because it impacts the energy storage and transfer capabilities of these molecules. ATP serves as a primary energy currency in cells, supplying the energy needed for various biochemical reactions, while AMP is often involved in signaling pathways as well as energy regulation when ATP levels drop. Understanding these distinctions is essential for grasping cellular metabolism and energy transfer mechanisms within biological systems.