AAMC FL Practice Exam

What does modeling or observational learning involve?

1. Reinforcing behavior through rewards

2. Learning through direct experience

3. Learning through observation and imitation

4. Cognitive restructuring of behaviors

The correct answer is: Learning through observation and imitation

Modeling or observational learning specifically involves learning through observation and imitation. This concept, rooted in social learning theory, emphasizes that individuals can acquire new behaviors simply by watching others perform them, rather than experiencing the behaviors directly themselves. This form of learning highlights the importance of the social context and demonstrates that behavior can be influenced by observing the actions of role models. For instance, a child may learn to tie their shoelaces by watching a parent or older sibling do it, mimicking their actions without needing to undergo the process of trial and error themselves. While reinforcing behavior through rewards and direct experiences are important aspects of learning theory, they do not specifically address the process of observational learning. Cognitive restructuring involves changing thought patterns and beliefs but is not primarily focused on learning through observation. Thus, the correct answer captures the essence of modeling as a process distinct from other types of learning.