AAMC FL Practice Exam

Osteoblasts are specialized cells responsible for the formation of new bone tissue. They play a crucial role in bone growth and healing by synthesizing and secreting bone matrix, which consists primarily of collagen and other proteins. Additionally, osteoblasts facilitate the mineralization of this matrix by promoting the deposition of calcium phosphate, which is a key component of bone. When osteoblasts function effectively, they contribute to an overall decrease in calcium levels in the bloodstream. This occurs because they take calcium from the blood to incorporate it into the bone matrix during the process of new bone formation. Consequently, the activity of osteoblasts supports the maintenance of calcium homeostasis in the body by regulating the levels of calcium in the plasma and ensuring sufficient calcium is stored within the skeletal system. Given this role, the answer that osteoblasts form bone and decrease calcium levels accurately reflects their function in the body.